Legal citation guide from cornells legal information institute ill that incorporates guidelines from the bluebook, the alwd guide to legal citation, and court rules. Secondary sources bluebook basics libguides at university of. Legal encyclopedias contain brief, broad summaries of legal topics, providing introductions to legal topics and explaining relevant terms of art. While you generally will not cite to a legal encyclopedia, rule b15. Problems, cases, and materials 2006 when you are citing to a work that has been published by the same publisher more than once, you should cite the edition and the year it was published in. Encyclopedias first year legal research guide libguides at. A bluebook guide for law students suffolk university. Using alr has become the standard for many law papers and citing them can be done with either the bluebook citation or the association of legal writing directors alwd citation. It also documents the many respects in which contemporary legal writing, very often following guidelines set out in court rules, diverges from the citation formats specified by those academic texts. It is not intended to be a comprehensive discussion of citation rules. Common abbreviations legal citation research guides at. Bluepage rules are sometimes different but are always based upon the normal nonbluepage rules. In a diverse and rapidly changing legal profession, the bluebook continues to provide a systematic method by which members of the profession communicate important information to one another about the sources and legal authorities upon.
Citing is required for sources you quote wordforword, for sources you paraphrase rewrite using your own words, and for sources from which you summarize ideas within your work quote example. Court of appeals cases not selected for publication in the federal reporter. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations. This free, online guide by cornells legal information institute is indexed to both the alwd guide and the 19th edition of the bluebook. If required by your instructor, you can add annotations to your citations. However, the following are rules and examples for other types of legal documents that many firstyear law students may need to cite.
Each different kind of secondary source has a slightly different set of rules for citation, which will be enumerated below. Secondary authorities bluebook citations libguides at william s. In a few steps, you can create an alr citation like, martha lee, invasion of. Always check for local court citation rules for court documents. Secondary sources include books, articles, encyclopedias and other nonprimary sources. Citation examples use nonacademic citation format i. A uniform system of citation, 20th ed cambridge, mass. Cite to the volume, name of the source, article titlebroad topic this is not. The basic elements when citing an encyclopedia are.
Legal encyclopedia that provides case citations and cross references to. The bluebook contains rules that prescribe how to cite a variety of. Secondary sources bluebook citation 101 practitioner format. A few common errors with book citations using bluebook style 1 incorrect formatting of the book authors name. A citation to a judicial opinion is typically referred to as a case or court case citation. If a journal does not otherwise indicate the volume number but does continuous pagination across issues, use the year as the volume number. Citing other resources bluebook guide georgetown law. Claudia catalano, annotation, unlawful access under stored communications act, 18 u.
Introduction to bluebooking bluebook basics libguides. However, the basic format of a case citation is as follows. Note that bluebook citation format for restatements, or permutations. How to cite a encyclopedia article in bluebook law. Our citation guides provide detailed information about all types of sources in mla, apa, chicago and turabian styles. There are too many rules for this introductory guide to cover. Cover citation rules and conventions, including how to refer to legal materials when writing a paper. A publication that establishes the correct form of case citations or of references to a legal authority showing where information can be found. Secondary sources will help you save time as you begin research on a topic by providing analysis, explanation, and leads to key primary sources. Citing from other secondary sources legal citation research guide. Citation format examples for footnotes general rules times new roman, size 10, 1 line spacing, justified. If you encounter a situation that is not covered in this guide, make sure to check the bluebook for more detail. Kf 245 b58 2015 course reserves see the introduction to basic legal citation for a description of bluebook citation style with examples. Generations of law students, lawyers, scholars, judges, and other legal professionals have relied on the bluebooks unique system of citation in their writing.
American jurisprudence amjur is a secondary source a legal encyclopedia to be exact and the citation is governed by rule 15 of the bluebook. Rule 15 governs the citation of books, treatises, reports, white papers, dictionaries, encyclopedias, and all other nonperiodic materials bluebook. In legal writing, one of the most commonly cited types of sources are judicial opinions. A uniform system of citation, a style guide, prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the united states. For help with other source types, like books, pdfs, or websites, check out our other guides. Draws on the bluebook and includes where to find the rule in that book. Bluebook case guide bluebook citation generator legalease. In this bluebook cheat sheet, weve laid out the essential bluebook elements and bluebook examples for a few of the most common types of case citations. Citation rules for court documents and legal memoranda.
Additionally, the chicago manual of style recommends its use for all citation of legal material. A short primer on bluebook citation formats for federal and state cases and statutes. Cite all outside sources you use in your research paper. Citations are to the 20th edition of the bluebook, a uniform system of citation. Citing the law student legal services libguides at.
To have your reference list or bibliography automatically made for you, try our free citation generator. Citing secondary sources sample bluebook citations libguides. A short primer on bluebook citation formats for federal and state cases and statutes, as well as books, journals, and other secondary sources. Citations are to the 20th edition of the bluebook, a uniform system of citation rule 16. While you generally will not cite to an alr annotation, rule 16. According to the bluebook citation guide, case names are underlined in legal memoranda and court documents. Additionally includes information on grammar, punctuation, usage and other tips for writing legal or other prose. The bluebook is the most commonly used system for legal citations in the united states, especially for legal scholarship, but also with modifications by local rules in judicial opinions and party briefs this proposal covers citations to united states legal materialsu. Legal encyclopedias cite to the volume, name of the source, article titlebroad topic this is not the section name it is the title of the main topic within which the section you are citing falls, section number, and year.
Just select add annotation while finalizing your citation. For additional examples, see the basic bluebookingsecondary sources in legal documents tipsheet. The precise format of a case citation depends on a number of factors, including the jurisdiction, court, and type of case. Blue book legal definition of blue book legal dictionary. Bluebook citation for legal materials purdue writing lab. Article names are not abbreviated and are always italicized. The basics of legal citation including citation styles bluebook and. Create your citations, reference lists and bibliographies automatically using the apa, mla, chicago, or harvard referencing styles.
Rule 15 in the bluebook explains how to properly cite a book. Citing cases bluebook guide guides at georgetown law. Bluebook citation for legal materials the bluebook style guide is used in the american legal profession for citation of all relevant sources. If the article is written by a student author, the designation of the piece. This is a proposed citation style to adapt the bluebook to the unique needs of wikipedia. Citations making specific reference to an electronic source are necessary only when the cited material is not widely available from multiple sources and identifying a specific electronic source is likely significantly to aid readers access to it or when versions are likely to vary. How do i cite american jurisprudence in an apa paper. Cases bluebook rule 10 the first time you cite a case, use the full citation format. The quote below appears exactly as it does in joanna santa barbaras article on childrearing in the encyclopedia of violence peace and. The bluebook contains rules that prescribe how to cite a variety of legal documents. American law reports alr is good resources for background, analysis, and citations about law cases, statutes, and other legal details.